Electrostatics

Gauss's Law

WebGPU Context Active

Parameters

Gaussian Surface
Q1IN
Gauss's Law Calculation
Total Enclosed Charge (Q_enc)5.0 μC
Net Electric Flux (Φ_E)5.65e+5
N·m²/C

Awaiting Telemetry

  • Red Vectors: Outward flux (E points out of surface).
  • Blue Vectors: Inward flux (E points into surface).
Try moving a charge in and out of the surface to see the total flux instantly change!

Governing Dynamics

Gauss's Law relates the distribution of electric charge to the resulting electric field. In its integral form, it states that the net electric flux through any closed Gaussian surface is equal to the net charge enclosed within that surface divided by the vacuum permittivity.

ΦE=∮E⃗⋅dA⃗=Qencε0\Phi_E = \oint \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} = \frac{Q_{enc}}{\varepsilon_0}

This simulation visually demonstrates Gauss's Law. By changing the shape and size of the Gaussian surface, you can observe that the total outward flux (represented by the red and blue normal vectors) is dependent ONLY on the charges enclosed within the surface, regardless of external charges.